Reanimating is an essential skill that can save lives in emergencies such as cardiac arrest. By acting quickly and effectively, you can restore blood circulation and oxygen supply to vital organs, increasing the chances of survival for the victim. In this article, we will cover the basic steps of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association (AHA).

 

Step 1: Assess the situation

Before starting CPR, ensure that the environment is safe for both yourself and the victim. Look for potential hazards such as traffic, fire, or the risk of collapse. Call for help from bystanders if available.

 

Step 2: Check for consciousness

Gently shake the victim's shoulders and loudly ask, "Are you okay?" Observe for any response, such as movement or sound. Check if the victim is breathing normally.

 

Step 3: Call emergency services

If the victim is unresponsive or breathing abnormally, immediately call the emergency services number (e.g., 911) or ask someone else to do it. It's important to obtain professional medical help quickly.

 

Step 4: Start chest compressions

Place the heel of your hand in the center of the victim's chest, just between the nipples. Place your other hand on top of the first hand and interlock your fingers. Ensure a firm grip. Press the sternum firmly and at least 5 cm deep at a rate of approximately 100-120 compressions per minute. Allow the chest to fully recoil after each compression to promote blood circulation.

 

Step 5: Rescue breaths

After 30 compressions, gently open the airway by tilting the victim's head backward and lifting the chin. Pinch the victim's nose closed and firmly seal your mouth over theirs. Give two rescue breaths, making sure the chest rises with each breath. Each breath should last about one second.

 

Step 6: Continue alternating compressions and breaths

Continue giving 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. Maintain a rhythm of 100-120 compressions per minute. Repeat this cycle until professional medical help arrives, the victim responds, or you become too exhausted to continue.